One is that there was no chance of Labour forming a coalition with the Lib Dems. Nick Clegg’s personal animus towards Gordon Brown precluded any fruitful future relationship. The second is that, once they had decided to fuse with the Tories, the Lib Dems were prepared to throw virtually anything overboard to strike a deal. PR was tossed aside like so much rubbish.

What we’re left with is a referendum on the Alternative Vote (AV) next year. Overshadowed by the royal wedding and the potential outbreak of civil disorder, the referendum is unlikely to set people’s hearts aflutter. Those wedded to the current system, constitutional conservatives of every hue, are gearing up to campaign for a ‘no’ vote. Today, we learn that a clutch of ex-ministers including Margaret Beckett and John Prescott will join David Cameron and William Hague in the No2AV campaign. Their tactic will be simple. They will piggyback on the Liberal Democrats’ overwhelming and growing unpopularity to paint AV as a system which helps only the Lib Dems. They will caricature the ‘Yes’ campaign as a Trojan horse for perpetual Lib Demmery, with all the associated duplicity and broken pledges that have made so many so incandescent.

The Alternative Vote is an imperfect system. In the masterly Jenkins commission report into electoral reform, AV was considered, and ruled out. The report stated that ‘far from doing much to relieve disproportionality, it is capable of substantially adding to it’ and ‘its effects (on its own, without any corrective mechanism) are disturbingly unpredictable’. On the positive side, the report goes on to state that AV:

‘would fully maintain the link between MPs and a single geographical constituency. It would increase voter choice in the sense that it would enable voters to express their second and sometimes third or fourth preferences, and thus free them from a bifurcating choice between realistic and ideological commitment or, as it sometimes is called, voting tactically. There is not the slightest reason to think that AV would reduce the stability of government; it might indeed lead to larger parliamentary majorities.’

Jenkins plumped for what he called AV plus – the alternative vote in single-member constituencies, with about 15 per cent of the Commons ‘topped-up’ by members elected using from a party list to ensure greater proportionality between parties. It was never implemented, and doesn’t exist as a system anywhere in the world. You’ll struggle to find any mention of the Jenkins report in any Labour manifesto or in Tony Blair’s autobiography.

There are few issues as divisive within Labour as electoral reform.
The party was in favour of AV in the 1920s but, since becoming a party which forms governments, Labour has dodged the issue. It defies the traditional left-right boundaries. Ken Livingstone and Arthur Scargill on the side of reform, Roy Hattersley and John Smith against. Today, ex-Cabinet ministers are ranged against each other, and that split is reflected down the line. Some members of Labour First back proportional representation, some members of Progress back first-past-the-post. CLPs are also divided. Twenty years ago I spoke at the Labour party conference in support of the resolution which established the Plant commission, a report by academic Raymond Plant, into electoral systems. Even establishing a commission was less than universally popular.

You can bet that the referendum will be just as divisive within the Labour party. Both sides are well-funded and will take few prisoners. What matters is that the real arguments are properly ventilated. The unfairness of the current system must be exposed, and the merits of AV, such as they are, properly explained. Ed Miliband should do more than cast his vote in favour. He has more reason than most to laud the AV system – it was the one that delivered him victory in the leadership election. He should be part of the national conversation, and loudly explain his reasons for backing reform. His friend Neil Kinnock will tell him what happens when Labour leaders try to tread the middle path on electoral reform – they look weak, evasive, and haemorrhage popular support.

 

Photo: qatsi