Labour has a list of 106 seats it plans to take next May. It urgently needs to revise it

As Helmuth Karl Bernhard Graf von Moltke, chief of staff of the Prussian army for more than 30 years, once famously remarked: ‘No plan survives first contact with the enemy.’ Von Moltke’s aphorism has been a handy explanation for why things go wrong with grand strategies ever since, from England’s failure to win football matches to the Iraq war. The point he was making, though, was not to put defeat down to some cosmic law, but to build swift adaptability into the command structure of the army.

Labour electoral strategy was launched at an all-day session for party staff in November 2013. The party aims to win 40 per cent of the vote, and gain 106 seats, to form a majority government. There are no Labour seats on the 106 target seat list. Labour’s strategy assumes that everyone who voted for the party in 2010 will do so again. The assumption is that the voters in seats such as Hampstead and Kilburn (majority 42), Bolton West (majority 92), Southampton Itchen (majority 192), Edinburgh South (majority 316), Wirral South (majority 531) or Great Grimsby (majority 714) will stay with Labour. That means we are witnessing the absurdity of Labour candidates in these seats campaigning elsewhere to support candidates in one of the neighbouring 106 targets.

Yet political circumstances have changed in many of these Labour ultra-marginal seats. Thirty Labour MPs, and counting, have announced their retirements, many in marginals. There has been a referendum on Scottish independence. There have been local elections and European elections which saw the United Kingdom Independence party surge. There has been a war in Gaza, during which Ed Miliband threw Israel under the bus, disenchanting north London’s Jewish community. In other words, the world has turned since 2010, when many voters in these seats clung to Labour in the midst of economic turmoil and out of fear of a Conservative government.

When Labour lost in 1979, not all of those who voted for James Callaghan stuck with Michael Foot’s party in 1983 – in fact, they switched in vast numbers. The Tories are throwing their huge resources at seats such as Bolton West, Derby North, Dudley North, Telford, and Birmingham Edgbaston because they must win here to form a government. Labour’s strategy assumes these seats are in the bag.

But the biggest flaw in the plan is that it is built on the old assumptions of a two-party system, and the idea of a national swing. This is dangerous nonsense. Today, voters have a smorgasbord of choice beyond red or blue. Voters disaffected with the government could go anywhere: in Brighton Pavilion, Green member of parliament Caroline Lucas may soak up the protest votes. In Bradford West, Respect may win again (it is not even on Labour’s target list). In Dundee East, the Scottish National party may keep its seat. In a swath of the 106, there are local factors which make Labour’s job harder. At the top of the list are seats such as Thurrock or Waveney where Ukip’s support is solidifying. At the bottom of the list are seats such as Bermondsey and Old Southwark, Finchley and Golders Green or Leeds North-west where, with the best will in the world, the thought of an easy Labour victory stretches credulity.

Labour’s 106-seat strategy is a two-party strategy in a four-party world. Labour has no strategy to deal with Ukip. Those Liberal Democrats who are going to switch to Labour switched long ago. Some have already started to switch again away from the party. There is no offer whatsoever for the disaffected Tory voter who Labour needs to win over in the bulk of its 106 seats. Nationalism is on the march in Scotland and Wales. As the psephologist Lewis Baston has noted: ‘Even in the age of coalition, the alignments of Westminster encourage one to think in two-party terms and not really take on board the full multi-dimensional complexity of the current environment.’

It is never too late to change the strategy. For a start, Labour needs to identify the 20 seats it holds with the slimmest majorities, and pile in resources. There is no point winning target marginals if we are losing Labour seats. Next, we need to switch resources away from the 30 seats at the upper reaches of the Brewer’s Green wishlist. Last, we need special tactical support for seats such as Thurrock, Brighton Pavilion or Bradford West where Labour’s main fight is not with the Tories or Liberal Democrats.

As von Moltke understood, as circumstances change on the battlefield, so the generals’ plans must take account of the shift in fortunes. Labour must make 67 net gains on 7 May 2015 to have a majority of one. To achieve it the party requires a strategy of fine-tuned complexity, anchored in intelligence from the field of battle, rather than dots on a map drawn up in some French chateau miles from the front.

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Photo: 30yoyo